Inor language

In today's world, Inor language has caught the attention of many people due to its importance and impact on various aspects of life. From its relevance in the educational field to its influence in the workplace, Inor language has aroused the interest of academics, experts and professionals from different disciplines. In this article, we will explore in detail the different facets of Inor language, analyzing its evolution over time, its implications in today's society and its projection into the future. Additionally, we will examine the opportunities and challenges that Inor language represents, as well as the possible implications it has on people's daily lives. We are about to embark on a journey of discovery and reflection about Inor language, a topic that never ceases to surprise and generate debate in the global community.

Inor
Ennemor
Native toEthiopia
Native speakers
(undated figure of 280,000)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3ior
Glottologinor1238
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Inor (pronounced [inoːr]), sometimes called Ennemor, is an Afroasiatic language spoken in central Ethiopia. One of the Gurage languages, it is mainly spoken within the Gurage Zone in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, as well as by speakers of the language who have settled in Ethiopian cities, especially Addis Ababa. In addition to the morphological complexity that is common to all Semitic languages, Inor exhibits the very complex morphophonology characteristic of West Gurage languages.

Endegegn, Enner, Gyeto, and the extinct dialect Mesmes are all sometimes considered dialects of Inor.

Inor possesses nasal vowels, which are unusual for a Gurage language. Many of these may be the result of historical rhinoglottophilia.

Phonology

Consonants

Inor consonants[2][3]
labial alveolar alveo-
palatal 		palatal velar glottal
plain labial plain labial plain labial
Stops and
affricates 		ejective t’ tʃ’ cʼ k’ kʷ’
voiceless p pʷ t tʃ c k kʷ ʔ ʔʷ
voiced b bʷ d dʒ ɟ ɡ ɡʷ
Fricatives voiceless f fʷ s ʃ ç x xʷ
voiced z ʒ
Nasals m mʷ n ɲ
Approximants plain β̞ (l) j w
nasalized β̞̃
Rhotics plain r
nasalized r̃

Vowels

Inor vowels[4]
front central back
high i ɨ u
mid e ə o
low æ a

may be regarded as largely epenthetic and only marginally phonemic.[5]

References

  1. ^ Inor at Ethnologue (15th ed., 2005) Closed access icon
  2. ^ Chamora & Hetzron (2000:10)
  3. ^ Abza 2016, p. 33.
  4. ^ Chamora & Hetzron (2000:13–16)
  5. ^ Chamora & Hetzron (2000:13)

Bibliography

  • Abza, Tsehay (2016). Binyam Sisay Mendisu; Janne Bondi Johannessen (eds.). "Consonants and Vowels in the Western Gurage Variety Inor: Complex Connections between Phonemes, Allophones, and Free Alternations". Oslo Studies in Language. 8 (1): 31–54. doi:10.5617/osla.4416.
  • Boivin, Robert (1996). "Spontaneous Nasalization in Inor". In Hudson, G. (ed.). Essays on Gurage Language and Culture. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 21–33.
  • Bustorf, Dirk (2005). "Ennämor Ethnography". In Uhlig, Siegbert (ed.). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica. Vol. 2: D-Ha. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 307–308.
  • Chamora, Berhanu. "Consonant distribution in Inor". In Hudson, G. (ed.). Essays on Gurage Language and Culture. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 53–67.
  • Chamora, Berhanu; Hetzron, Robert (2000). Inor. Munich: Lincom Europa. ISBN 3-89586-977-5.
  • Hetzron, R. (1977). The Gunnän-Gurage Languages. Napoli: Istituto Orientale di Napoli. OCLC 4989162.
  • Leslau, Wolf (1979). Etymological Dictionary of Gurage (Ethiopic). Vol. 1–3. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN 3-447-02041-5.
  • Leslau, Wolf (1983). Ethiopians Speak: Studies in Cultural Background. Part V : Chaha - Ennemor. Äthiopistische Forschungen. Vol. 16. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 3-515-03965-1.
  • Leslau, Wolf (1996). "Inor Lullabies". Africa. 66 (2): 280–287. doi:10.2307/1161320. JSTOR 1161320.
  • Voigt, Rainer (2005). "Ennämor Language". In Uhlig, Siegbert (ed.). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica. Vol. 2: D-Ha. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 307.


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