In today's world, List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP is a topic of great relevance and debate in all areas. The importance of List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP has been gaining more and more weight in society, since its impact has become evident in different contexts. From politics to science, List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP has been the subject of analysis and discussion, generating different positions and opinions on the matter. In this article, we will delve into the topic of List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP, exploring its implications, its evolution over time and its relevance today.
This article lists countries alphabetically, with total government expenditure as percentage of Gross domestic product (GDP) for the listed countries. Also stated is the government revenue and net lending/borrowing of the government as percentage of GDP. All Data is based on the World Economic Outlook Databook of the International Monetary Fund.
The figures here are represented as a percentage of annual gross domestic product for the year 2022.
Country | Government expenditure (% of GDP) |
Government revenue (% of GDP) |
Net lending/borrowing (% of GDP) |
---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan (2020) | 29.508 | 27.049 | -2.460 |
Albania | 31.390 | 27.618 | -3.772 |
Algeria | 31.223 | 33.377 | 2.154 |
Andorra | 35.971 | 37.142 | 1.171 |
Angola | 21.807 | 23.402 | 1.595 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 22.465 | 21.192 | -1.273 |
Argentina | 37.247 | 33.370 | -3.877 |
Armenia | 26.393 | 24.281 | -2.112 |
Aruba | 22.791 | 21.425 | -1.366 |
Australia | 38.431 | 35.129 | -3.302 |
Austria | 52.387 | 49.081 | -3.306 |
Azerbaijan | 29.464 | 35.563 | 6.100 |
Bahamas | 27.064 | 21.228 | -5.836 |
Bahrain | 29.115 | 23.467 | -5.649 |
Bangladesh | 12.586 | 8.738 | -3.848 |
Barbados | 31.242 | 29.058 | -2.184 |
Belarus | 36.822 | 31.961 | -4.861 |
Belgium | 53.670 | 49.350 | -4.321 |
Belize | 22.855 | 22.097 | -0.758 |
Benin | 19.510 | 13.925 | -5.585 |
Bhutan | 34.835 | 27.289 | -7.547 |
Bolivia | 36.309 | 29.005 | -7.304 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 37.755 | 39.581 | 1.826 |
Botswana | 31.842 | 29.848 | -1.994 |
Brazil | 43.322 | 38.747 | -4.575 |
Brunei Darussalam | 25.034 | 25.301 | 0.267 |
Bulgaria | 38.242 | 37.428 | -0.815 |
Burkina Faso | 31.338 | 20.953 | -10.385 |
Burundi | 38.994 | 26.847 | -12.147 |
Cabo Verde | 28.161 | 23.699 | -4.462 |
Cambodia | 26.241 | 22.141 | -4.100 |
Cameroon | 17.960 | 16.119 | -1.842 |
Canada | 41.476 | 40.776 | -0.700 |
Central African Republic | 17.916 | 12.342 | -5.574 |
Chad | 16.593 | 21.738 | 5.145 |
Chile | 26.557 | 27.891 | 1.334 |
China | 33.081 | 25.537 | -7.544 |
Colombia | 34.238 | 27.562 | -6.675 |
Comoros | 17.632 | 13.926 | -3.706 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 18.757 | 17.186 | -1.570 |
Republic of Congo | 24.715 | 31.341 | 6.626 |
Costa Rica | 19.349 | 16.587 | -2.763 |
Côte d'Ivoire | 21.446 | 14.720 | -6.726 |
Croatia | 45.686 | 44.743 | -0.943 |
Cyprus | 39.859 | 42.118 | 2.259 |
Czech Republic | 44.842 | 41.249 | -3.593 |
Denmark | 49.189 | 51.667 | 2.478 |
Djibouti | 19.686 | 18.564 | -1.122 |
Dominica | 50.466 | 44.244 | -6.222 |
Dominican Republic | 18.791 | 15.451 | -3.340 |
Ecuador | 36.049 | 36.123 | 0.074 |
Egypt | 24.701 | 18.922 | -5.779 |
El Salvador | 28.996 | 26.489 | -2.507 |
Equatorial Guinea | 12.309 | 17.004 | 4.695 |
Eritrea | 37.948 | 36.695 | -1.253 |
Estonia | 40.186 | 39.032 | -1.154 |
Eswatini | 30.967 | 25.283 | -5.683 |
Ethiopia | 12.696 | 8.538 | -4.158 |
Fiji | 34.127 | 21.774 | -12.353 |
Finland | 54.050 | 52.186 | -1.864 |
France | 58.468 | 53.617 | -4.852 |
Gabon | 15.604 | 17.426 | 1.822 |
Gambia | 21.649 | 16.835 | -4.814 |
Georgia | 29.469 | 26.870 | -2.600 |
Germany | 49.704 | 47.084 | -2.620 |
Ghana | 25.557 | 15.630 | -9.927 |
Greece | 55.529 | 51.530 | -3.999 |
Grenada | 32.823 | 33.778 | 0.955 |
Guatemala | 14.570 | 12.837 | -1.732 |
Guinea | 13.830 | 13.097 | -0.732 |
Guinea-Bissau | 21.545 | 16.043 | -5.502 |
Guyana | 20.561 | 15.373 | -5.188 |
Haiti | 10.165 | 8.011 | -2.154 |
Honduras | 24.448 | 25.112 | 0.664 |
Hong Kong | 28.083 | 20.944 | -7.138 |
Hungary | 49.977 | 43.893 | -6.085 |
Iceland | 46.092 | 41.797 | -4.295 |
India | 28.795 | 19.201 | -9.595 |
Indonesia | 17.540 | 15.199 | -2.341 |
Iran | 12.291 | 8.266 | -4.025 |
Iraq | 35.029 | 41.425 | 6.396 |
Ireland | 22.111 | 23.312 | 1.201 |
Israel | 36.878 | 37.012 | 0.134 |
Italy | 56.825 | 48.788 | -8.037 |
Jamaica | 29.083 | 29.373 | 0.290 |
Japan | 44.012 | 36.192 | -7.820 |
Jordan | 33.064 | 26.135 | -6.929 |
Kazakhstan | 21.693 | 21.784 | 0.091 |
Kenya | 23.489 | 17.444 | -6.045 |
Kiribati | 111.193 | 91.362 | -19.831 |
South Korea | 27.899 | 26.975 | -0.924 |
Kosovo | 28.400 | 27.845 | -0.555 |
Kuwait | 40.675 | 52.243 | 11.568 |
Kyrgyz Republic | 39.875 | 38.526 | -1.349 |
Laos | 16.530 | 14.898 | -1.632 |
Latvia | 39.246 | 35.625 | -3.621 |
Lebanon (2020) | 16.028 | 19.552 | -3.525 |
Lesotho | 47.835 | 44.461 | -3.374 |
Liberia | 29.877 | 22.944 | -6.934 |
Libya | 60.361 | 63.445 | 3.084 |
Lithuania | 36.591 | 35.751 | -0.840 |
Luxembourg | 43.328 | 43.086 | -0.242 |
Macao | 60.949 | 25.004 | -35.945 |
Madagascar | 20.334 | 13.570 | -6.764 |
Malawi | 24.390 | 14.031 | -10.359 |
Malaysia | 24.271 | 18.970 | -5.300 |
Maldives | 41.728 | 29.713 | -12.015 |
Mali | 24.726 | 19.912 | -4.813 |
Malta | 40.915 | 35.644 | -5.270 |
Marshall Islands | 63.272 | 60.470 | -2.802 |
Mauritania | 25.554 | 24.419 | -1.134 |
Mauritius | 27.066 | 23.849 | -3.217 |
Mexico | 30.226 | 25.796 | -4.430 |
Micronesia | 66.429 | 68.025 | 1.596 |
Moldova | 36.778 | 33.520 | -3.258 |
Mongolia | 34.383 | 35.169 | 0.786 |
Montenegro | 42.670 | 38.088 | -4.582 |
Morocco | 31.047 | 25.933 | -5.114 |
Mozambique | 34.385 | 29.156 | -5.228 |
Myanmar | 18.439 | 13.246 | -5.193 |
Namibia | 37.312 | 30.055 | -7.257 |
Nauru | 129.806 | 155.904 | 26.098 |
Nepal | 26.778 | 23.477 | -3.302 |
Netherlands | 44.559 | 43.518 | -1.041 |
New Zealand | 43.170 | 38.989 | -4.180 |
Nicaragua | 29.015 | 27.039 | -1.976 |
Niger | 21.908 | 15.031 | -6.877 |
Nigeria | 14.270 | 8.789 | -5.481 |
North Macedonia | 34.864 | 30.428 | -4.436 |
Norway | 38.507 | 60.920 | 22.413 |
Oman | 29.045 | 35.364 | 6.319 |
Pakistan | 19.865 | 12.064 | -7.801 |
Palau | 52.007 | 41.880 | -10.127 |
Panama | 22.771 | 18.839 | -3.932 |
Papua New Guinea | 21.231 | 15.795 | -5.436 |
Paraguay | 24.669 | 20.180 | -4.488 |
Peru | 23.092 | 21.768 | -1.324 |
Philippines | 26.814 | 21.578 | -5.237 |
Poland | 44.107 | 40.999 | -3.108 |
Portugal | 45.696 | 43.750 | -1.946 |
Puerto Rico | 20.109 | 21.858 | 1.749 |
Qatar | 25.428 | 39.626 | 14.198 |
Romania | 36.751 | 30.985 | -5.765 |
Russia | 36.559 | 34.312 | -2.248 |
Rwanda | 31.741 | 25.216 | -6.525 |
Samoa | 33.140 | 38.513 | 5.373 |
San Marino | 24.570 | 22.015 | -2.554 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 23.760 | 31.876 | 8.115 |
Saudi Arabia | 28.059 | 30.570 | 2.511 |
Senegal | 26.873 | 20.744 | -6.129 |
Serbia | 43.526 | 43.377 | -0.148 |
Seychelles | 32.857 | 31.881 | -0.976 |
Sierra Leone | 30.221 | 19.316 | -10.905 |
Singapore | 15.412 | 15.853 | 0.441 |
Slovakia | 44.280 | 40.735 | -3.545 |
Slovenia | 46.340 | 43.086 | -3.255 |
Solomon Islands | 33.540 | 29.418 | -4.122 |
Somalia | 8.820 | 8.850 | 0.029 |
South Africa | 32.185 | 27.700 | -4.485 |
South Sudan | 28.904 | 29.796 | 0.892 |
Spain | 47.822 | 43.355 | -4.467 |
Sri Lanka | 18.881 | 8.494 | -10.386 |
St. Kitts and Nevis | 54.790 | 51.561 | -3.229 |
St. Lucia | 26.077 | 22.535 | -3.542 |
St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 35.175 | 27.619 | -7.556 |
Sudan | 12.211 | 10.065 | -2.146 |
Suriname | 31.561 | 28.039 | -3.521 |
Sweden | 46.793 | 47.463 | 0.670 |
Switzerland | 33.610 | 33.816 | 0.206 |
Syria | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Taiwan | 16.074 | 15.577 | -0.496 |
Tajikistan | 28.883 | 27.520 | -1.363 |
Tanzania | 18.253 | 14.974 | -3.280 |
Thailand | 25.583 | 20.058 | -5.525 |
Timor-Leste | 53.050 | 26.404 | -26.647 |
Togo | 25.159 | 17.818 | -7.341 |
Tonga | 45.946 | 45.235 | -0.711 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 28.962 | 29.310 | 0.348 |
Tunisia | 34.921 | 28.310 | -6.611 |
Turkey | 28.042 | 26.406 | -1.635 |
Turkmenistan | 10.037 | 10.903 | 0.865 |
Tuvalu | 112.354 | 123.626 | 11.272 |
Uganda | 20.710 | 14.932 | -5.778 |
Ukraine | 69.920 | 53.238 | -16.681 |
United Arab Emirates | 26.404 | 35.401 | 8.997 |
United Kingdom | 45.144 | 38.884 | -6.260 |
United States | 38.500 | 32.992 | -5.509 |
Uruguay | 29.466 | 26.920 | -2.546 |
Uzbekistan | 33.381 | 29.441 | -3.940 |
Vanuatu | 44.665 | 38.063 | -6.602 |
Venezuela | 11.985 | 5.964 | -6.022 |
Vietnam | 20.743 | 18.267 | -2.476 |
West Bank and Gaza | 28.507 | 27.566 | -0.941 |
Yemen | 12.732 | 10.940 | -1.792 |
Zambia | 28.689 | 20.828 | -7.862 |
Zimbabwe | 18.069 | 15.956 | -2.113 |
Development of government spending as percentage of GDP of different countries.
Country | 1850 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Algeria | 25.71 | 28.57 | 36.89 | 37.98 | |||||||||||||
Argentina | 8.56 | 8.04 | 7.73 | 8.25 | 8.92 | 4.62 | 9.40 | 8.80 | 11.20 | 11.30 | 12.05 | 15.17 | 10.99 | 28.21 | 38.76 | 41.64 | |
Australia | 2.66 | 7.69 | 5.47 | 7.07 | 12.22 | 21.83 | 25.32 | 33.21 | 36.10 | 35.63 | 37.16 | 44.98 | |||||
Austria | 11.36 | 13.45 | 15.59 | 17.33 | 19.80 | 36.36 | 36.29 | 39.54 | 50.01 | 51.51 | 51.94 | 52.53 | 57.90 | ||||
Bangladesh | 15.03 | 12.50 | 13.24 | 14.59 | 15.03 | ||||||||||||
Belgium | 4.80 | 6.18 | 8.74 | 9.90 | 10.78 | 19.09 | 22.85 | 23.75 | 42.66 | 54.89 | 52.31 | 49.08 | 52.94 | 60.80 | |||
Brazil | 24.19 | 25.70 | 15.50 | 13.00 | 12.52 | 11.21 | 10.81 | 8.70 | 13.71 | 11.40 | 6.80 | 35.29 | 40.40 | 42.73 | |||
Canada | 4.94 | 6.76 | 5.68 | 6.12 | 6.01 | 10.45 | 7.72 | 18.61 | 14.99 | 14.93 | 36.03 | 41.55 | 48.80 | 41.11 | 43.82 | 52.45 | |
Chile | 5.63 | 8.02 | 8.42 | 14.21 | 11.63 | 12.81 | 8.76 | 13.89 | 12.43 | 14.93 | 19.73 | 21.09 | 23.84 | 18.95 | 23.87 | 25.15 | 28.97 |
China | 20.98 | 17.05 | 22.67 | 36.98 | |||||||||||||
Colombia | 5.90 | 4.40 | 4.90 | 6.10 | 5.60 | 6.70 | 10.00 | 9.60 | 9.40 | 26.41 | 27.47 | 33.44 | |||||
Denmark | 8.82 | 6.87 | 5.96 | 6.45 | 7.21 | 6.90 | 12.19 | 10.05 | 16.42 | 24.39 | 52.66 | 55.41 | 53.67 | 58.47 | 55.08 | ||
Ethiopia | 13.20 | 20.40 | 25.78 | 18.63 | 14.47 | ||||||||||||
Finland | 6.17 | 6.80 | 11.73 | 15.26 | 19.75 | 48.95 | 23.88 | 22.47 | 21.85 | 40.15 | 48.15 | 48.26 | 55.11 | 56.72 | |||
France | 13.24 | 13.24 | 11.36 | 11.42 | 10.56 | 18.65 | 24.12 | 22.18 | 20.50 | 45.96 | 49.58 | 51.69 | 56.63 | 62.40 | |||
Germany | 10.31 | 16.32 | 17.85 | 19.47 | 16.34 | 27.17 | 22.94 | 39.46 | 48.23 | 44.73 | 45.10 | 47.87 | 51.09 | ||||
Ghana | 12.17 | 11.19 | 11.85 | 20.10 | 24.11 | 28.28 | |||||||||||
Greece | 23.55 | 25.70 | 19.75 | 19.65 | 26.00 | 27.09 | 19.95 | 25.17 | 27.66 | 45.21 | 47.12 | 50.24 | 58.19 | ||||
India | 6.26 | 7.34 | 6.87 | 7.18 | 5.96 | 6.43 | 5.54 | 5.33 | 5.31 | 11.23 | 11.72 | 17.48 | 27.23 | 26.99 | 27.32 | 30.98 | |
Indonesia | 14.42 | 13.80 | 22.09 | 15.84 | 16.64 | 18.27 | 18.23 | ||||||||||
Iran | 35.76 | 21.95 | 18.04 | 21.75 | 17.95 | ||||||||||||
Ireland | 19.52 | 25.90 | 29.14 | 44.13 | 53.71 | 42.81 | 31.18 | 65.05 | 28.71 | ||||||||
Israel | 18.79 | 30.38 | 41.55 | 69.40 | 46.79 | 51.40 | 45.43 | 46.40 | |||||||||
Italy | 9.85 | 11.10 | 14.35 | 12.58 | 13.89 | 18.79 | 14.16 | 38.11 | 17.28 | 16.49 | 32.32 | 40.79 | 52.86 | 45.86 | 50.28 | 57.25 | |
Japan | 0.86 | 0.78 | 1.01 | 3.12 | 1.93 | 2.89 | 3.99 | 15.86 | 18.35 | 20.25 | 33.45 | 30.05 | 37.28 | 39.83 | 46.67 | ||
Kenya | 22.94 | 20.53 | 30.14 | 25.70 | |||||||||||||
Korea, South | 17.88 | 17.50 | 16.77 | 15.15 | 17.95 | 21.21 | 25.63 | ||||||||||
Malaysia | 36.13 | 27.92 | 26.28 | 25.41 | |||||||||||||
Mexico | 4.71 | 3.65 | 4.11 | 5.98 | 7.39 | 8.78 | 9.50 | 10.94 | 17.54 | 16.57 | 21.11 | 26.28 | 29.12 | ||||
Morocco | 28.57 | 25.85 | 31.91 | 36.31 | |||||||||||||
Netherlands | 9.60 | 13.93 | 10.99 | 10.24 | 8.69 | 23.97 | 20.39 | 43.20 | 55.20 | 54.91 | 44.17 | 51.19 | 46.90 | ||||
Norway | 6.83 | 9.90 | 8.61 | 8.64 | 8.59 | 18.05 | 17.97 | 38.91 | 46.13 | 53.31 | 42.30 | 45.92 | 58.15 | ||||
Pakistan | 5.55 | 10.00 | 23.56 | 21.98 | 23.92 | 18.59 | 20.26 | 23.12 | |||||||||
Peru | 3.59 | 4.39 | 4.47 | 7.04 | 6.65 | 11.33 | 13.33 | 14.35 | 19.32 | 20.36 | 20.53 | 20.40 | 26.38 | ||||
Philippines | 7.23 | 10.08 | 10.45 | 13.42 | 18.00 | 18.67 | 16.88 | 25.11 | |||||||||
Poland | 21.64 | 39.20 | 25.83 | 41.08 | 45.37 | 48.95 | |||||||||||
Portugal | 6.74 | 8.03 | 6.98 | 7.55 | 12.12 | 7.87 | 10.31 | 9.81 | 14.25 | 15.52 | 32.36 | 38.50 | 41.13 | 51.35 | 48.12 | ||
Romania | 28.15 | 33.63 | 38.56 | 40.90 | 38.81 | ||||||||||||
Russia | 13.09 | 15.63 | 23.82 | 12.65 | 5.49 | 6.11 | 32.84 | 38.50 | 38.78 | ||||||||
South Africa | 18.53 | 18.77 | 28.31 | 19.25 | 16.65 | 20.05 | 21.84 | 28.70 | 25.86 | 32.99 | 40.11 | ||||||
Spain | 7.46 | 15.29 | 8.68 | 9.24 | 8.52 | 9.95 | 12.12 | 10.55 | 19.65 | 11.67 | 11.02 | 12.25 | 16.34 | 32.75 | 39.19 | 45.62 | 52.26 |
Sweden | 5.09 | 5.96 | 6.77 | 6.84 | 7.23 | 8.48 | 7.63 | 8.73 | 22.73 | 18.28 | 24.43 | 29.51 | 41.02 | 37.96 | 55.09 | 52.89 | 53.06 |
Switzerland | 4.03 | 4.15 | 4.29 | 18.14 | 8.58 | 7.11 | 25.75 | 29.93 | 30.30 | 35.10 | 34.17 | 36.26 | |||||
Taiwan | 24.84 | 28.69 | 25.60 | 22.13 | 19.04 | ||||||||||||
Thailand | 9.06 | 12.07 | 17.57 | 18.73 | 16.56 | 19.06 | 23.03 | 25.31 | |||||||||
Turkey | 15.15 | 15.57 | 22.69 | 25.46 | 14.07 | 37.71 | 35.55 | 34.63 | |||||||||
United Kingdom | 10.29 | 7.03 | 6.21 | 6.80 | 10.77 | 8.18 | 20.96 | 18.67 | 28.38 | 33.15 | 33.14 | 42.00 | 47.63 | 41.11 | 36.76 | 50.56 | 50.27 |
United States | 1.56 | 3.80 | 2.24 | 2.19 | 2.70 | 2.19 | 7.30 | 3.64 | 8.94 | 13.44 | 28.29 | 32.30 | 34.29 | 37.20 | 33.88 | 42.46 | 46.18 |
Venezuela | 8.58 | 10.47 | 14.17 | 16.00 | 23.67 | 19.48 | 21.97 | 31.93 | 28.29 | 36.95 | 10.93 | ||||||
1850 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 |
Europe:
United States: