Cecidomyiinae

This article will address the topic of Cecidomyiinae, which has gained relevance in various areas in recent years. Since its emergence, Cecidomyiinae has captured the attention of academics, experts and the general public, generating controversy and debate around its implications and consequences. Throughout the next lines, different perspectives and approaches related to Cecidomyiinae, as well as its impact on society, economy and culture, will be explored. Through a detailed and rigorous analysis, the aim is to shed light on this topic and contribute to the understanding and reflection on Cecidomyiinae.

Cecidomyiinae
The Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) from the subfamily Cecidomyiinae
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Cecidomyiidae
Subfamily: Cecidomyiinae
Supertribes
Asphondylia solidaginis
Rhopalomyia solidaginis
Vitisiella larva
Galls of Dasineura pellex on leaf of ash tree (Fraxinus)

The Cecidomyiinae, commonly known as gall midges or gall gnats, is the largest subfamily in Cecidomyiidae with over 600 genera and more than 5000 described species.[1] Larvae of the other (basal) cecidomyiid subfamilies feed on fungi; whereas this subfamily is best known for its members that induce galls on plants. However, there are also many species of Cecidomyiinae that are fungivores, parasitoids, or predators as maggots.[1][2][3]

Herbivorous species make up about 75% of the Cecidomyiinae; many are gall-inducers, infecting a wide diversity of plants. They are found world-wide and are the most ecologically diverse gall-inducing group of organisms. Most develop in one or a few closely-related host-plant species. In three tribes (Asphondyliini, Alycaulini and Lasiopterini) the midges are associated with specific fungi; these have been termed 'ambrosia gallers' because the fungi line the inner walls of the galls, in a similar way to those in the galleries of ambrosia beetles.[4] Some of the herbivorous species are inquilines, developing in galls that were initiated by a different midge species. Most species in the genus Macrolabis and the tribes Trotteriini and Camptoneuromyiini are inquilines, but there are also many inquiline species in genera that are predominantly gall-inducing (such as Dasineura and Lasioptera).[4]

Predatory and parasitoid species comprise about 12% of the Cecidomyiinae. Larvae of these species attack other arthropods - there are known predators of mites, aphids, scale insects, dragonfly eggs, and endoparasitoids of Hemiptera. Most are found in the tribes Aphidoletini and Lestodiplosini.[1][4]

Fungivores make up much of the remainder of the subfamily, indicating the retention of (or reversion to) the ancestral food source.[4]

Systematics

Cecidomyiinae is monophyletic and species of the subfamily can be distinguished from other Cecidomyiidae by characters of the male genitalia, the number of antennal segments, and bristles on the larval abdomen.[1]

The Cecidomyiinae are divided into five supertribes, which contain the following tribes, and selected genera:[5]

Asphondyliidi

Brachineuridi

  1. Acinacistyla Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  2. Alatostyla Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  3. Brachineura Rondani, 1840
  4. Loborrhizomyia Jiao, Wang & Bu, 2019
  • tribe Rhizomyiini - monotypic
  1. Rhizomyia Kieffer, 1898
  1. Brachyneurina Mamaev, 1967
  2. Chrybaneura Gagné, 1968
  3. Cingola Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  4. Coccidomyia Felt, 1911
  5. Compositola Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  6. Effusomyia Fedotova, 2004
  7. Epimyia Felt, 1911
  8. Epimyiella Mamaev, 1967
  9. Nodalistyla Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  10. Stabiliola Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  11. Undoneura Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  12. Volsatiola Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006

Cecidomyiidi

  1. Acacidiplosis Gagné in Gagné & Marohasy, 1993
  2. Acerovesiculomyia Fedotova, 2003
  3. Anisostephus Rübsaamen, 1917
  4. Austroacacidiplosis Kolesik, 2012
  5. Caryadiplosis Gagné, 2008
  6. Caryomyia Felt, 1909
  7. Cecidomyia Meigen, 1803
  8. Cerciplanus Garcia & Urso-Guimarães, 2020
  9. Chamaediplosis Gagne & Duncan, 1990
  10. Contarinia Rondani, 1860
  11. Efferatodiplosis Fedotova, 2006
  12. Garugadiplosis Deshpande, Shaikh & Sharma, 2002
  13. Gobidiplosis Mamaev, 1972
  14. Halodiplosis Kieffer, 1912
  15. Lobopteromyia Felt, 1908
  16. Macrodiplosis Kieffer, 1895
  17. Paradiplosis Felt, 1908
  18. Parkiamyia Maia, 2006
  19. Phyllodiplosis Kieffer, 1912
  20. Pinyonia Gagné, 1970
  21. Plemeliella Seitner, 1908
  22. Procontarinia Kieffer & Cecconi, 1906
  23. Prodiplosis Felt, 1908
  24. Psephodiplosis Kolesik, 2018
  25. Sequoiomyia Möhn, 1960
  26. Sphaerodiplosis Rübsaamen, 1916
  27. Stenodiplosis Reuter, 1895
  28. Taxodiomyia Gagné, 1968
  29. Thecodiplosis Kieffer, 1895
  30. Zeuxidiplosis Kieffer, 1904
  1. Centrodiplosis Kieffer, 1910
  2. Cystodiplosis Kieffer & Jörgensen, 1910
  3. Jorgensenia Kieffer, 1913
  1. Planetella Westwood, 1840
  1. Acanthacidiplosis Fedotova, 2003
  2. Acodiplosis Kieffer, 1895
  3. Aculeatodiplosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2005
  4. Afrodiplosis Felt, 1926
  5. Ampelosucta Stefani, 1912
  6. Anabremia Kieffer, 1912
  7. Anasphodiplosis Gagné, 1994
  8. Andirodiplosis Tavares, 1920
  9. Anisodiplosis Maia, 2005
  10. Antichiridium Rübsaamen, 1911
  11. Apagodiplosis Gagne, 1973
  12. Aplecus Kieffer, 1913
  13. Apodiplosis Tavares, 1922
  14. Arrabiadaeamyia Maia, 2001
  15. Aschistonyx Rübsaamen, 1917
  16. Asphotrophia Barnes, 1928
  17. Astrodiplosis Felt, 1913
  18. Athidiplosis Gagné & Marohasy, 1993
  19. Atopodiplosis Gagne, 1997
  20. Atrichosema Kieffer, 1904
  21. Austrodiplosis Brèthes, 1915
  22. Baeodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  23. Bicornidiplosis Fedotova, 2003
  24. Blaesodiplosis Gagne, 1973
  25. Blastodiplosis Kieffer, 1912
  26. Brachydiplosis Rübsaamen, 1910
  27. Braueriella Kieffer, 1896
  28. Brephometra Strand, 1910
  29. Buhriella Stelter, 1960
  30. Bungomyia Nayar, 1949
  31. Cacoplecus Kieffer, 1913
  32. Callitridiplosis Kolesík, 2000
  33. Calodiplosis Tavares, 1908
  34. Calyptradiplosis Fedotova in Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2004
  35. Carinatidiplosis Fedotova, 2004
  36. Chaetodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  37. Chrysodiplosis Kieffer, 1911
  38. Cleitodiplosis Tavares, 1916
  39. Clusiamyia Maia, 1997
  40. Coccomyza Del Guercio, 1918
  41. Coelodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  42. Collula Strand, 1928
  43. Compsodiplosis Tavares, 1909
  44. Conodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  45. Contodiplosis Gagné, 1994
  46. Cordylodiplosis Gagné, 1973
  47. Ctenodactylomyia Felt, 1915
  48. Ctenodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  49. Dactylodiplosis Rübsaamen, 1916
  50. Delodiplosis Tavares, 1908
  51. Diadiplosis Felt, 1911
  52. Dichaetia Mamaev, 1965
  53. Dichodiplosis Rübsaamen, 1910
  54. Dicrodiplosis Kieffer, 1895
  55. Diodaulus Rübsaamen, 1917
  56. Diplodontomyia Rao, 1951
  57. Diplosiola Solinas, 1965
  58. Dissimilidiplosis Fedotova, 2005
  59. Drisina Giard, 1893
  60. Echinella Mamaev, 1965
  61. Enallodiplosis Gagné, 1994
  62. Eohormomyia Felt, 1915
  63. Epihormomyia Felt, 1915
  64. Etsuhoa Inouye, 1959
  65. Eucalyptodiplosis Kolesik, 2002
  66. Eumerosema Kieffer, 1913
  67. Exiguidiplosis Fedotova, 2004
  68. Filidiplosis Fedotova, 2003
  69. Flexipidiplosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2009
  70. Frauenfeldiella Rübsaamen, 1905
  71. Geromyia Coutin & Harris, 1969
  72. Giardomyia Felt, 1908
  73. Gigantodiplosis Fedotova, 2004
  74. Gladiodiplosis Kolesik, 2000
  75. Glenodiplosis Gagné, 1973
  76. Gnesiodiplosis Tavares, 1917
  77. Gongrodiplosis Gagné, 1973
  78. Gynandrobremia Mamaev, 1965
  79. Gynodiplosis Felt, 1927
  80. Haplodiplosis Rübsaamen, 1910
  81. Harmandiola Skuhravá, 1997
  82. Heliodiplosis Felt, 1918
  83. Holobremia Kieffer, 1912
  84. Holodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  85. Horidiplosis Felt, 1920
  86. Huradiplosis Nijveldt, 1968
  87. Hygrodiplosis Kieffer, 1912
  88. Hypodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  89. Inulomyia Stelter, 1965
  90. Kamptodiplosis Felt, 1918
  91. Kimadiplosis Gagné, 1993
  92. Kitella Deshpande, Shaikh & Sharma, 2005
  93. Kronodiplosis Felt, 1918
  94. Lasiodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  95. Lepidobremia Kieffer, 1912
  96. Lepidodiplosis Kieffer, 1911
  97. Lianodiplosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2006
  98. Liebeliola Kieffer & Jörgensen, 1910
  99. Ligulodiplosis Fedotova, 2006
  100. Loewiola Kieffer, 1896
  101. Lophodiplosis Gagné, 1997
  102. Magadiplosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2009
  103. Mamaevia Skuhravá, 1967
  104. Manilkaramyia Maia, 2001
  105. Marikovskidiplosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2009
  106. Massalongia Kieffer, 1897
  107. Megaulus Rübsaamen, 1916
  108. Megommata Barnes, 1939
  109. Mesodiplosis Kolesik, 2000
  110. Meterdiplosis Barnes, 1927
  111. Microdiplosis Tavares, 1908
  112. Microplecus Kieffer, 1913
  113. Mikaniadiplosis Gagné, 2001
  114. Mitodiplosis Kieffer, 1914
  115. Moehniella Wünsch, 1979
  116. Monarthropalpus Rübsaamen, 1892
  117. Monodiplosis Rübsaamen, 1910
  118. Mycetodiplosis Kieffer, 1912
  119. Mycocecis Edwards, 1922
  120. Myricomyia Kieffer, 1900
  121. Nanodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  122. Neobaezomyia Brèthes, 1914
  123. Octodiplosis Giard, 1894
  124. Odinadiplosis Mani, 1935
  125. Oligoxenomyia Felt, 1927
  126. Olpodiplosis Gagné, 1973
  127. Oribremia Kieffer, 1913
  128. Orseolia Kieffer & Massalongo, 1902
  129. Orthodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  130. Ouradiplosis Felt, 1915
  131. Pachydiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  132. Perodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  133. Pilodiplosis Gagné, 1973
  134. Pipaldiplosis Mani, 1943
  135. Pitydiplosis Gagné, 1973
  136. Platydiplosis Gagné, 1973
  137. Plecophorus Kieffer, 1913
  138. Plectrodiplosis Gagné, 1973
  139. Plesiodiplosis Kieffer, 1912
  140. Plutodiplosis Kieffer, 1912
  141. Poridiplosis Fedotova, 2006
  142. Proterodiplosis Wyatt, 1963
  143. Pruthidiplosis Mani, 1934
  144. Punarnavomyia Mani, 1953
  145. Putoniella Kieffer, 1896
  146. Quadridiplosis Fedotova, 2003
  147. Raodiplosis Felt, 1920
  148. Resseliella Seitner, 1906
  149. Rotadiplosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2009
  150. Ruidadiplosis Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2009
  151. Schizodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  152. Setodiplosis Fedotova, 2006
  153. Sicituradastra Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2009
  154. Silvestriola Skuhravá, 1997
  155. Skusemyia Kolesik, 1995
  156. Stenohypodiplosis Fedotova, 2005
  157. Stephodiplosis Tavares, 1908
  158. Streptodiplosis Felt, 1916
  159. Stroblophila Kieffer, 1912
  160. Styraxdiplosis Tavares, 1915
  161. Tetradiplosis Kieffer & Jörgensen, 1910
  162. Thaumadiplosis Gagné, 1973
  163. Thorodiplosis Felt, 1921
  164. Thurauia Rübsaamen, 1899
  165. Tokiwadiplosis Simbolon & Yukawa, 1992
  166. Tollereadastra Fedotova & Sidorenko, 2009
  167. Tribremia Kieffer, 1912
  168. Tricholaba Rübsaamen, 1917
  169. Tricontarinia Kieffer, 1910
  170. Trigonodiplosis Rübsaamen, 1917
  171. Trilobomyia Marikovskij, 1956
  172. Trilobophora Marikovskij, 1953
  173. Triommata Barnes, 1931
  174. Trissodiplosis Kieffer, 1913
  175. Trogodiplosis Gagné, 1985
  176. Ussuridiplosis Fedotova, 2004
  177. Vaccinidiplosis Gagné, 1994
  178. Xenasphondylia Felt, 1915
  179. Xenhormomyia Felt, 1920
  180. Xenodiplosis Felt, 1911
  181. Xylodiplosis Kieffer, 1895
  182. Youngomyia Felt, 1908

Lasiopteridi

Stomatosematidi

All genera:

  1. Didactylomyia Felt, 1911
  2. Stomatosema Kieffer, 1913

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d R.J. Gagne; M. Jaschof (2021). A Catalog of the Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) of the World (5th ed.). ISBN 978-0-9863941-3-3. Wikidata Q109561625. PDF}
  2. ^ Stephen A. Marshall (2012). Flies: The natural history and diversity of Diptera. Firefly Books Limited. ISBN 978-1-77085-100-9. OL 27141115M. Wikidata Q107439709.
  3. ^ Raymond J. Gagné (11 March 2018). "Key to Adults of North American Genera of the Subfamily Cecidomyiinae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)". Zootaxa. 4392 (3): 401–457. doi:10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4392.3.1. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 29690392. Wikidata Q55629989.
  4. ^ a b c d Dorchin, N., Harris, K. M., & Stireman III, J. O. (2019). Phylogeny of the gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Cecidomyiinae): Systematics, evolution of feeding modes and diversification rates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 140, 106602. DOI
  5. ^ Skuhravá, Marcela (2006-01-01). "Species richness of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the main biogeographical regions of the world". Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae. 69: 327–372.
  6. ^ Gagné, R.J.; Jaschhof, M. (2017). A Catalog of Cecidomyiidae of the World. 4th Edition (PDF) (Report).
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia