Větrný Jeníkov

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Větrný Jeníkov
Market town
Town square
Town square
Flag of Větrný Jeníkov
Flag
Coat of arms of Větrný Jeníkov
Coat of arms
Větrný Jeníkov is located in Czech Republic
Větrný Jeníkov
Větrný Jeníkov
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°28′33″N 15°28′44″E / 49.47583°N 15.47889°E / 49.47583; 15.47889
Country Czech Republic
RegionVysočina
DistrictJihlava
First mentioned1226
Area
 • Total
12.22 km2 (4.72 sq mi)
Elevation
665 m (2,182 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
628
 • Density51/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
588 42
Websitewww.vetrnyjenikov.eu

Větrný Jeníkov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈvjɛtr̩niːˈjɛɲiːkof]; German: Windig Jenikau) is a market town in Jihlava District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Administrative division

Větrný Jeníkov consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):[2]

  • Větrný Jeníkov (604)
  • Velešov (16)

Geography

Větrný Jeníkov is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Jihlava. It lies in the Křemešník Highlands. The highest point is a hill at 702 m (2,303 ft) above sea level. There are several ponds around the market town.

History

The first written mention of Jeníkov is from 1226. In 1346, the village was promoted to a market town. From 1436 to the 1570s, Jeníkov was owned by the Trčka of Lípa family. Since 1572, the market town has been called Větrný Jeníkov. Between 1619 and 1635, it was again owned by the Trčkas of Lípa, but their properties were confiscated as a result of the Battle of White Mountain.[3]

Around 1660, Větrný Jeníkov was acquired by the Trauttmansdorff family. In 1719–1744, the estate was a property of Knight Jan of Minetti. During his rule, the market town prospered. There was the development of guilds and the construction of representative buildings. Based on Minetti's will, the estate was inherited in 1744 by Vlašský špitál, which was a charity organization in Prague.[3]

The village of Velešov was founded around 1300, but was completely destroyed in 1421 (during the Hussite Wars). A new settlement was founded near Větrný Jeníkov in 1730 and was named Velešov after its predecessor.[3]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18691,234—    
18801,166−5.5%
18901,119−4.0%
1900981−12.3%
1910904−7.8%
YearPop.±%
1921834−7.7%
1930768−7.9%
1950573−25.4%
1961605+5.6%
1970540−10.7%
YearPop.±%
1980525−2.8%
1991607+15.6%
2001611+0.7%
2011611+0.0%
2021620+1.5%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Transport

There is no railway or major road running through the municipality. The D1 motorway from Prague to Brno leads north of Větrný Jeníkov, beyond the municipal borders.

Sights

Větrný Jeníkov Castle

The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary is a small rural church. It was built in the Baroque style in 1720–1735.[6]

The castle was originally a fortress, rebuilt into a Baroque aristocratic residence in 1723–1729. In 1904–1907, it was rebuilt into its present Neo-Baroque form. Today it houses the municipal office.[3][7]

The Jewish cemetery is located in the southern part of the municipal territory. It was founded in the first half of the 17th century. The oldest preserved tombstone dates from 1652.[8]

The landmark of Velešov is a belfry from 1829.[9]

References

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ "Public Census 2021 – basic data". Public Database (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d "Stručné dějiny Větrného Jeníkova" (in Czech). Městys Větrný Jeníkov. Retrieved 2023-09-07.
  4. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  5. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. ^ "Kostel Narození Panny Marie" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
  7. ^ "Zámek" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
  8. ^ "Židovský hřbitov" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
  9. ^ "Zvonice a pamětní kámen" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
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